GOA
At 838 girls, Goa’s sex ratio plunges from 966 in 5 years
Of the births recorded in the last five years, the sex ratio for Goa is unusually skewed at just 838 females born per 1,000 males, as per the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) for 2019-20. This is drastically down from the 966 girls per 1,000 boys born prior to the five years for the 2015-16 survey.
For the overall population of Goa, the sex ratio is not only healthy at 1,027 females for every 1,000 males, but it is also better than the 1,018 recorded at the last family health survey.
As per the 2019-20 data, the urban population appears to be a contributing factor for the skewed female sex ratio where the figure for the overall population as well as birth recorded in the last five years are concerned.
For the overall population, the sex ratio in rural areas stands at a fine 1,092 females per 1,000 males. But the figure for urban areas brings down the female sex ratio at 985 women per 1,000 males. This may not be as alarming as male movement to urban areas for employment may be a contributing factor.
But in children born over the last five years, there are 864 female births per 1,000 male births in rural areas. In urban areas of Goa, this figure stood at just 822. When the NFHS results were out for 2015-16, Goa had cheered the improvement in sex ratio to 966 among children born during the previous five years.
This was because 966 was a significant improvement over 921 female birth reported by the 2005-06 survey.
But in 2019-20, Goa’s figure is much lower than even the 2005-06 figure, which is set to be a cause for concern for the state.
Another area of concern for the state is its dropping fertility rate. As per the latest data, Goa’s fertility rate dropped to 1.3 from 1.7 during the last survey. The government of India norm is that every family should have two children or that the ‘total fertility rate’ (TFR) should be 2.1. But the TFR for Goa is lower than this expected figure 1.7. The total fertility rate is the average number of children per woman in the eligible group.
The parameters for Goa on most other fronts were encouraging like an improved civil registration of births, higher female population attending school and lowering figure of females marrying before the age of 18.
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