history prelims

Freedom of Press-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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On 29th January 1780, the Hickey’s Bengal Gazette or the Calcutta General Advertizer was published. It was the first English newspaper to be printed in the Indian sub-continent. The press was the chief instrument of forming a nationalist ideology The resolutions and proceedings of the Congress were propagated through press. Trivia: nearly one third of … Read more Freedom of Press-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

Simon Commission (1927),Civil Disobedience Movement,August Offerand CR Formula

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Simon Commission (1927) Indian Statutory Commission chaired by Simon to go into the question of further constitutional reform All its seven members were Englishmen. Clement Attlee was one of the members. Lord Birkinhead was the secretary of state at that time At its Madras session in 1927 INC decided to boycott the commission “at every … Read more Simon Commission (1927),Civil Disobedience Movement,August Offerand CR Formula

Swadesi Movement:-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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Reasons for the growth of militant nationalism (this is different from revolutionary terrorism)   Disillusionment of the nationalists with moderate policies The moderates thought that the British could be reformed from within Politically conscious Indians were convinced that the purpose of the British rule was to exploit India economically The nationalists realized that Indian industries … Read more Swadesi Movement:-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

Moderator Phase in National Movement-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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Contribution of early nationalists Early nationalists believed that a direct struggle for the political emancipation of the country was not yet on the agenda of history. On agenda was: Creation of public interest in political questions and the organization of public opinion Popular demands had to be formulated on a country-wide basis National unity had … Read more Moderator Phase in National Movement-For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

Revolutionary Terrorism

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Revolutionary young men did not try to generate a mass revolution. Instead they followed the strategy of assassinating unpopular officials 1904: VD Savarkar organized Abhinav Bharat Newspapers like The Sandhya and Yugaantar in Bengal and the Kal in Maharashtra advocated revolutionary ideology Kingsford Incident: In 1908, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki threw bomb at a … Read more Revolutionary Terrorism

The years of Stagnation- For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

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Gandhiji was arrested in 1922 and sentenced to 6 years of imprisonment. The result was the spread of disintegration, disorganization and demoralization in the nationalist ranks. After a defeat of their resolution of ‘either mending or ending’ in the Congress, CR Das and Motilal Nehru resigned and formed the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party in December 1922. … Read more The years of Stagnation- For RAS RTS Mains Exam and Ras Rts Prelims Examination

Struggles for Gurudwara Reform and Temple Entry

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  The Akali movement The movement arose with the objective of freeing the Gurudwaras from the control of ignorant and corrupt priests (mahants). Apart from the mahants, after the British annexation of Punjab in 1849, some control over the Gurudwaras was exercised by Government-nominated managers and custodians, who often collaborated with mahants. The government gave … Read more Struggles for Gurudwara Reform and Temple Entry

Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 and Growth of Communalism

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Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 Increased the number of elected members in the Imperial Legislative Council and the provincial council However, most of the elected members were elected indirectly The reformed councils still enjoyed no real power, being merely advisory bodies. Introduced separate electorates under which all Muslims were grouped in separate constituencies from which Muslims alone … Read more Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909 and Growth of Communalism